A reduction in the amplitude of an oscillation or vibration as a result of energy being dissipated as heat.
Example: The 15kΩ value for these resistors was found from trial and error: a resistance that is too high causes the capacitor to saturate, while a resistance that is too low causes the oscillations to be considerably damped (e.g., the chaotic signal would stay on each side of the attractor for too long before switching, which reduces the Lyapunov exponent of the implemented circuit).
discard
verb
Get rid of (someone or something) as no longer useful or desirable.
Example: For each sample, every bit of the sample except the lowest bit is discarded, and the lowest remaining bits are concatenated to form 8-bit random bytes.
divergence
noun
The process or state of diverging.
Example: This is the rate of divergence of two trajectories with almost identical initial conditions that are allowed to propagate in time.
jitter
noun
Slight irregular movement, variation, or unsteadiness, especially in an electrical signal or electronic device.
Example: Many methods to achieve this are available, including sampling the process with an analog-to-digital converter, observing resulting clock jitter, and multiple oscillator sampling.
junction
noun
A place where things, especially roads or railways, come together.
Example: Jerk systems have been implemented as a Josephson junction circuit Yalçin (2007), a diode-based circuit design Njitacke et al. (2017), and a smoothly-adjustable nonlinearity circuit Kengne et al. (2019).
railing
noun
A structure made of a rail, often connecting a series of upright members, that is used as a guard or barrier or for support.
Example: Also, in testing previous versions of the board, it was discovered that the circuit could enter a periodic railing state upon being powered, but it could then be forced into the normal chaotic state by temporarily shorting the x node of the op amp integrators to ground.
sampling
noun
Sampling is the reduction of a continuous-time signal to a discrete-time signal.
Example: There are a number of different parameters for an ADC that can be chosen in regards to sampling, including voltage range, sampling frequency, and bits of resolution.
seed
noun
The initial input that defines the pseudorandom sequence of outputs generated from it.
Example: Second, the initial state of the system (e.g., the “seed”) exactly determines all future outputs of the system.
suite
noun
A software suite is a collection of two or more software titles or programs bundled and sold together.
Example: The Dieharder test suite is used to evaluate the bit sequences generated from this simulation.
threshold
noun
The magnitude or intensity that must be exceeded for a certain reaction, phenomenon, result, or condition to occur or be manifested.
Example: The systems are then simulated forward in time until they reach the specified threshold.